The Public Health Professionals Should Be Viewed As Agents

In my opinion, the public health professionals should be viewed as agents that propagate changes in their communities, undoubtedly, the history of the American Public Health Care System coupled with the world health Organization’s history of the public health depicts the dedication of many public health professionals to the health of their communities. These professionals have gone above and beyond their call of duties to assure their communities and other communities around them enjoy a better health. Certainly, without the public health professionals’ collaboration with the other stakeholders in their communities to championing their communities’ health needs, majority of the community health projects enacted in most would have failed. Great examples are successful health programs such as the one that eradication of smallpox, and polio in America. Also, worth noting are the current fights against adult and childhood obesity, heart diseases, HIV/AIDS to name a few (Turnock, 2016; Mooney, 2005). On the global front, there are various community health professionals in collaborating with the World Health Organizations or UNICEF to create a better health for their communities. Some examples in this scenario are the fight against malaria and cholera in many African countries and refugee camps across the globe. All of which are made possible by the dedicated domestic and international public health care professionals (WHO, 2016). According to Turnock (2016), the majority ofShow MoreRelatedPerception Of Public Health Professionals834 Words   |  4 Pagesperception of public health professionals in their communities today, are they considered change agents in their communities? In my opinion, the public health professionals should be viewed as agents that propagate changes in their communities. Undoubtedly, the history of the American Public Health Care System coupled with the world health Organization’s history of the public health depicts the dedication of many public health professionals to the health of their communities. These professionals have goneRead MoreSymptoms And Treatments Of Addiction1307 Words   |  6 Pagesand utilize the one that best fits the start, severity, and course of an individual’s addiction. The models that will be addressed, when it comes to the etiology of addiction, are: Agent Models, Personal Responsibility Models, Dispositional Models, Sociocultural Models, and the Public Health Perspective Models. The Agent model puts primary emphasis on the strength of the effect of drugs. In this model, this means that anyone who is exposed to any particular substance is at risk of addiction due toRead MoreCommunity As A Social Environment1624 Words   |  7 Pages Community as an Actor in Public Health In recent times, the nature of the community has been distorted and this caused a variety of social problems emerge in the society. Industrialization, urbanization, migration and individualistic thinking have played a major role in disorganizing community sense in people. In urban society, the basic features of the community have been displaced by the values of individualism, egocentrism, materialism and capitalism, which gave rise of an anomaly, anonymityRead MoreNursing Professional Identity Essay1693 Words   |  7 Pagesdevelopment of nursing on contemporary representations of the nursing profession. It examines the professional identity of nursing and further discusses the contribution of modern nursing, social, cultural and political factors that influences the professional identity of a nurse. The essay also looks into the professional regulations and the role of the nurse’s and midwifery Council (NMC) in the protection of the public. Finally, this essay will discuss n ursing education, the media, stereotype, and their impactsRead MoreNursing Professional Identity Essay1599 Words   |  7 Pagesof nursing impact on contemporary representations of the nursing profession. It will examine professional identity of the profession and further discusses the value of modern nursing, social, cultural and political factors that influence the professional identity of the nurse. I will also discuss the professional regulation and the role of the nurse’s midwifery Council (NMC) in the protection of the public. Finally, this essay will discuss nursing education, the media, stereotype, and their impactsRead MoreEssay on Codes of Practice1513 Words   |  7 PagesEthics and values apply to our personal and professional lives. Ethics are a notion of one’s actions, which originates from ideology of an individual doing what is right not wrong. According to the dictionary ethics is the â€Å"branch of philosophy dealing with values relating to human conduct, with respect to the rightness and wrongness of certain actions and to the goodness and badness of the motives and ends of such actions.† These beliefs are amassed to help a person determine how their actions willRead MoreShould Euthanasia Be Legal? Essay1449 Words   |  6 Pagesof the world Euthanasia is illegal. Many countries have denied the right to euthanasia, but is that fair and ethical? It is the painless killing of a patient’s agony from an incurable and painful disease. Euthanasia should be legal. Someone who is sick and under unbearable pain should have the right to end their suffering. Euthanasia comes from the Greek words, Eu (good) and Thanatosis (death) and it means Good Death†. In ancient Greece and Rome, before Christianity, many ancient Greeks and RomansRead MoreBiomedical Model And Social Model Of Health1669 Words   |  7 Pagesdiscuss the biomedical model and social model of health, and see how the two relate to Lay perspective on health and illness. AccordingHealth can be viewed as the state of being fit and well, as well as a state of mental sanity (WHO 2005). According to Blaxter (2004), if a person can perform daily functions such as going to work, taking care of the household, etc he/she is considered healthy. Many studies have found that lay people define health as the absence of illness, However being healthyRead MoreAccording To Erchul Martens (2012), The Earliest Consultation1202 Words   |  5 Pagescaretaker helped these caretakers to have different perspective that lead to how they effectively dealt with their consultees’ problem behaviors. This practiced was initially known as â€Å"counseling health consultation,† but was later renamed â€Å"mental health consultation,† to reflect the ultimate professional concern, wherein the consultees were not undergoing psychotherapy. During this process Caplan discovered that meeting the consultees in their own institution was a vital component pertainin g toRead MoreThe Letting Agencies1618 Words   |  6 PagesCommunities and Local Government, 2012) †¢ ‘3.6 million children in the United Kingdom live in poverty after their housing costs have been paid’ (Cribb, Joyce, and Phillip 2012) †¢ ‘Unlike estate agents who buy and sell properties, letting agents are less regulated and are not governed by the 1979 Estate Agent’ (BBC, 2013) There was also some research conducted regarding the audience and their preferred communication channels. †¢ â€Å"We believe that, used correctly, social media is a powerful tool in helping

Human Training Essay Example For Students

Human Training Essay Category:SciencePaper Title:Human Training: Building a Strong and Healthy BodyText:Human Training: Building a Strong and Healthy BodyThere are a lot of Americans in this world who are looking for a way to lookand feel strong and healthy. The problem is that not everyone knows how to getstarted and keep up the process of building a strong, healthy body. The use ofproper nutrition and supplementation with high intensity training and a goodamount of rest will be effective in building a strong and healthy looking body. Anyone can train with weights, but training with intensity is a whole differentstory. High intensity training gives better results from a good trainingprogram. A lot of people forget that proper nutrition provides the body with thefuel it needs to train effectively. Another thing people do not recognize isthat supplements are essential for the body, and they will also help give betterresults from high intensity training. And a person must also remember one cannottrain with intensity without a good amount of rest. Rest and recovery is veryimportant for muscles to grow and for increasing muscle strength. Building astrong and healthy body revolves around high intensity training, propernutrition, supplementation, and rest and recovery. Any individual is capable ofgaining not only physical but also mental strength. In order to get any results out of a workout, it must be done with intensity. A longer, low intensity workout is much less effective because it will not bestimulating the muscles; it will be annihilating them. All exercises should beperformed with intensity, resting only one minute between each set and twominutes between each exercise. Its not so much what exercises we do butrather how we do them that matters most. We must perform these exercisesintensely toproduce rapid results (DOrso and Phillips 58). In every intense workoutthere is a high point,and everyone has the skill to create a high point. Hittinga high point in an intense workout is when the body is pushed to the extreme. Creating high points make people feel good about their workouts. When youdevelop the skill to intentionally create high points, you can not onlyexperience more energy and greater success in life, you can also produce majorresults in minimal time, in any area (DOrso and Phillips 60). Nothing willbe accomplished in a workout if he or she worries if free weights or machinesare better. Free weights and machines both have advantages in a workoutand both should be included in a workout (Cardena). As long as the exercise isperformed with intensity, it does not matter if it is with a machine or adumbbell. Exercise selection is an important part of a good workout. A person shouldfocus on only one or two exercises, that way more intense sets can be performedof that single exercise. Performing a small number of exercises enables youto perform many more sets, whereas the more exercises performed the less setsperformed, which is not good (Cardena). There are three ranges of repetitionsthat should be included in a workout: to enhance strength, between one and fiverepetitions are performed; to enhance muscle power and growth, between six andtwelve repetitions are performed; and to enhance muscle endurance, betweentwelve and fifteen repetitions are performed. The number of repetitions youdo determines the intensity of your workout (Phillips, et al 298). All threetypes of repetitions can be done in one exercise by performing multiple sets. High repetitions do not directly develop strength or mass, they contribute tothe process by supporting strength and mass development (Phillips, et al298). For a workout to be intense it should only take forty-five minutes. Althougha ninety- minute workout may be more productive, it will not be nearly asintense as a short, brief workout. Very short sessions allow you to bust yourbutt with very high intensity (Phillips, etal 299). Too much rest between sets will cause the muscles to cool off andadd time to a workout. Short rest periods may limit the amount of weightused, but they force the body to fortify its recovery mechanisms, and theyalso take time off of a workout which gives more time for muscles to recover andgrow (Phillips, et al 299). It should not take longer than a minute to performeach set. Each repetition has a tempo to be performed in each set; a positive, anegative, and a pause. Exercise tempo refers to the amount of time it takesto perform a repetition (Phillips, et al 300). Every single workout that is performed should be planned out the night beforeso everything will go exactly how it should from beginning to end. If theworkout is not planned out, a person will spend more time deciding what exerciseto do or how many sets they will perform, rather than going to the gym,performing an intense workout, and getting out as quickly as possible. Beforeeach workout you should know what exercises your going to do, how many sets, thenumber of reps, and how much weight your going to use (DOrso and Phillips57). All workouts should be brief, intense, and highly effective. The upper andlower body workouts should take less than four hours a week because too muchexercise prevents results (Phillips, et al 38). The muscles do not growduring a workout; they are actually being damaged during a workout. According toa personal trainer at a local gym people should give their muscles three tofive days to rest and repair to ensure proper recovery because the musclesare growing while they are being rested and relaxed (Cardena). A lot of rest isrequired in order to perform a high intensity workout. The most important part of putting the human body through an intense workoutis feeding it the proper nutrition. A person cannot reach a high point withouteating right. Developing good eating habits will give a person much moresatisfying results from an intense workout. Proper nutrition provides the rawmaterials your body must have to construct new skin cells, brain cells, musclecells, bone cells, new blood, and even a new heart (DOrso and Phillips50). Without good nutrition it is basically impossible for any kind of exerciseto be effective. The only way to get sufficient results out of a workout is tofeed the body the proper nutrition it needs for everyday life. With aregular, intense, training program, and good nutrition, you can actuallytransform your body (Phillips 50). The body should be feed six times a day todevelop a pattern for the body to get used to. And according to Phillips on theInternet, everyone should make sure theyre eating six quality nutritiousmeals and drinking te n glasses of water per day (QA). Religious Ecstasy Essay QuestionCreatine puts lean mass on many people, increases strength, is not veryexpensive, and it is safe. Maximum results from an intense workout will not come without performancesupplementation. Without an intense workout, a person will not get any resultsby using supplements. Only those people training on the edge, looking forthat extra 10-20 percent of growth that performance supplements can provide,will know how much a difference they can make (Costa, Horine, and Platz 131). The people who are really interested in getting results are the people who spendtheir money on supplements, and if you are training for maximum results, andare willing to settle for less, you will probably see little effect fromsupplements (Costa, Horine, and Platz 131). Supplements provide morenutrients to the body than most regular foods. A good diet is not enough to getmaximum results out of an intense workout, and in order to get thenecessary nutrients for maximum growth into your body, at a time when you reallyneed them, you will need nutritional supplementation (Costa, Horine, andPlatz 131). Rest and recovery is something important that provides maximum results totraining, nutrition, and supplementation. Not a lot of people pay too muchattention to how important rest and recovery really is. Proper recovery fromhigh intensity training will provide an increase for muscle growth and musclestrength. With a quick, brief, intense workout the muscles have a greater amountof time to recover. A person should allow three to five days for their body tofully recover from a high intensity workout. After a workout is the best time toconsume performance supplements because the muscles are in a recovery state, butremember, it is between workouts that your body rebuilds itself. It is betweenworkouts that your muscles repair themselves, growing stronger and firmer eachtime (DOrso and Phillips 40). The ability to recover is very important formaintaining muscle growth. During a workout the muscle cells are damaged, andif you work out again before the muscles have had time to rebuild, you wi llshort-circuit the recovery process: And thats not good (DOrso andPhillips 40). It is like trying to rebuild a building after it has been hit byan earthquake. Getting the proper amount of sleep will also provide for a largeamount of muscle growth. The muscles and the body actually grow while it issleeping. A person should get at least eight hours of sleep a night because ifyou do not allow for proper sleep, you will be cheating yourself of growth youwould otherwise be getting (Cardena). Without being fully rested it will behard for a person to perform a workout with full intensity. The muscles will notgrow and a person would not be getting maximum results from his or her trainingsessions. Not getting enough sleep will hinder your chances at maximum growth(Costa, Horine, and Platz 116). Even if the body is not being put through anintense workout it still needs the proper amount of sleep. Relaxation is an important part of the recovery process in order for the bodyto be capable of proper recovery. A person should relax immediately after anintense workout when recovery is most important. There are many different waysof relaxing, the ability to relax after a workout, and to stay relaxed, isvital if you want to maximize recovery capabilities (Costa, Horine, and Platz116). By relaxing, the muscles are given a chance to grow and develop the waythey are suppose to and your body needs an opportunity to respond to thetraining stress it has received and time to transport vital nutrients to musclesfor energy and development (Costa, Horine, and Platz 115). Another thing thatcontributes to helping the body recover faster is a good massage. Massage canspeed recovery and enhance growth, relieves stress from a high intensityworkout, and it can also prevent injuries during future workouts (Costa, Horine,and Platz 118). Overtraining is what will keep the body from proper recovery and achievingmaximum results from intense training sessions. If a person trains the samemuscle group two days in a row, the body will not recover properly and overtrainingoccurs when the body is stressedbeyond its ability to recover (Cardena). It may not seem correct, but morerecovery than training is required for getting strong and staying strong. Yourability to recover will be a big factor in maintaining and increasing growth(Costa, Horine, and Platz 115). A person who does not know how to recoverproperly will fail to get results from intense training, that is why it isessential that you become familiar with techniques to enhance recovery from yourworkouts (Costa, Horine, and Platz 115). Building a strong and healthy body is not easy to accomplish. A person musthave the mental toughness to transform his or her body into a body for life. There is not one individual that can say he or she is not capable of beingphysically and mentally tough. Building a strong and healthy body takes morethan just exercise. It starts with a high intensity training program, which willonly be effective with proper nutrition, the use of performance-enhancingsupplements, and the proper amount of rest. All it takes is a commitment and alittle know-how to put these four pieces together for a quality program to buildthe best-looking body ever. Works CitedCardena, Pablo. Personal Interview. 29 Jan 2001. Costa, Leo, Russ Horine, and Tom Platz. Big Beyond Belief. Serious GrowthIII. Visalia:Optimum Training Systems, 1994. DOrso, Michael, and Bill Phillips. Body-For-Life. New York: HarperCollins, 1999. Griffith, Meagan. Research Update. Muscle Media Jul. 1999: 164. Phillips, Bill. QA with Bill Phillips. http://BodyForLife.comDecember 5, 1999. Phillips, Bill, et al. Sports Supplement Review. 3rd Issue. Golden: MileHigh, 1997. Romano, John. Muscle Meals. All Natural Muscular Development Mar. 1998:190. Zulak, Greg. The Muscle Molecule. Muscle Mag Dec. 1997: 125. Science

The Start of Bar Essay Samples Assualt and Battery

The Start of Bar Essay Samples Assualt and Battery Getting the Best Bar Essay Samples Assualt and Battery Please call us today to go over your case with somebody who can advocate and fight for your benefit. When you're facing the prospect of a criminal record or even prison time, you will need the most effective criminal defense advice it is possible to find. It's sufficient to earn a threat of such contact to receive charged and prosecuted. Please get in touch with me for assistance and advice on these types of criminal charges. A felony will provide you with even more troubles you'll have troubles finding a great place to call home and to obtain a great job. If you're facing domestic violence charges, it's in your very best interest to get help from a defense attorney with extensive knowledge in this field. Thus, even when you did not really make contact with the individual, in case you intended to make contact, you might be found guilty of assault. The victim doesn't need to sustain injury, as long because there is physical contact. Ok, I Think I Understand Bar Essay Samples Assualt and Battery, Now Tell Me About Bar Essay Samples Assualt and Battery! Personal investigators and bounty hunters, by way of example, might want this coverage in case they're involved with a concrete conflict with somebody else. In Massachusetts, even in the event the alleged victim recants their accusation, you will nevertheless be arrested. A seasoned criminal defense lawyer will be able to help you navigate the criminal justice system and get the very best outcome for your case. Any skilled criminal defense lawyer will tell you if you charged with domestic assault and battery and you're not a citizen you're at danger of being deported. Whether an alleged assault happens on someone with limited mental capacity and the defendant knows of that condition, there's a mandatory minimum sentence of five years in prison if found guilty along with the above penalties that include things like sex offender registration. Regardless of what arguments the defendant may have, he'll require a skilled attorney to present his case and make certain that his rights are guarded. These crimes have many distinct aspects as soon as it is finally time for the prosecution to demonstrate its case. A felony conviction and particularly a conviction for a violent crimealso can hurt you when you're trying to find a job or applying to lease a home or apartment. What the In-Crowd Won't Tell You About Bar Essay Samples Assualt and Battery The business utilizes zinc for the anode portion of the battery, combinin. There are 3 elements that have to be conceived to set an event of battery. It may also indicate a car if you're accused of deliberatel y attempting to hit someone whilst driving. The battery represents the true contact. In the event the charges aren't dismissed, a lawyer might be able to negotiate a plea bargain with the prosecutor for your benefit, or prepare a defense and represent you at trial if you think you've been wrongly accused or if there aren't any sensible plea choices. After speaking to one of our defense attorneys, you are going to have more thorough understanding of the realistic penalties you're most likely to face if convicted. Based on any criminal history, your lawyer may have the ability to receive your sentence suspended so that you can serve probation instead of jail time. Many times, defendants are allowed probation instead of imprisonment. Choosing Bar Essay Samples Assualt and Battery Contat me to establish a completely free consultation if you or someone who you know is charged with domestic assault and battery. For example, an assault and battery demands an intentional act. Firs t-degree assault and battery charges are the absolute most severe and it features extreme bodily harm, usually by means of a weapon. Determining whether misdemeanor or felony assault and battery charges are filed in a particular case, is dependent on many factors, for example, scope and seriousness of injuries involved, together with whether any weapons were used. The very first and most important step is to retain a professional Boston domestic assault and battery lawyer. The police only want to calm the situation down. Again, it must satisfy both elements of assault. To explore this idea, consider the next assault and batterydefinition.

Why Is Social Networking a Good Essay Topic?

Why Is Social Networking a Good Essay Topic?It is very hard to find an answer to the question why is social networking a good essay topic. The general idea behind the question, of course, is that social networking is such a great way to have fun, as well as connect with others. While there is some truth to this, it does not entirely explain the phenomenon. This may be because most people are unaware of the social networking phenomenon, and that is the reason for this article.Social networking has been around for a long time. In fact, many people first started networking online. These people usually did so because they wanted to share things about themselves, their family and their interests. Of course, people found out that social networking had much more to offer than they initially thought. Some of these people became internet marketers.As internet marketers, the types of people that we have in mind are what are called 'sellers.' In other words, they make money by selling products or services to others. In addition, they want to sell other people's products or services as well. It is very easy to see how these types of people would like to write about someone who uses social networking for business.What most internet marketers fail to see is that the best way to write about this type of subject matter is to use a question as the main focus. The purpose of a question is to get your reader to think. Once they think, you can use this thought to get them to open up their own questions.One of the biggest reasons that why is social networking a good essay topic is that it is almost impossible to know everything about anything. You never know what information you will come across that you will be able to use to answer your own question. This is a good thing for anyone to remember because it is very difficult to think clearly when it comes to subjects that are constantly changing and evolving.However, you can certainly use this thinking process to put yourself in the position of someone who is just starting out in a new thing. Remember that everyone who has ever lived was probably at one point in their lives a beginner. This does not mean that they were stupid, it just means that they were young, and they needed to find out as much as possible about the subject of the activity they were involved in.The reason why is social networking a good essay topic is that it is a very popular activity and is used by many people to promote a business or products or services. People also use social networking to interact with others, and they can do this very easily through chat rooms or bulletin boards.Now that you have a better understanding of why is social networking a good essay topic, it is up to you to take action and begin your research on the subject. There are many ways that you can get information on this topic, but for those who are truly interested in the subject, there are plenty of great resources that can provide you with the answers that you need.

Essay Topics on Uncle Bill

Essay Topics on Uncle BillJust because you are not the only student in your college, you can certainly look at some essays that are based on essays topics on Uncle BoM or 'Uncle Bill', the character in the Spiderman comics. How would your professor react if you included these topics in your writing?Many students who have written essays about Spiderman and some of Uncle Bill's earlier life, have asked their professors whether they could recall the topics. A professor may ask the same question in different forms. One teacher might ask, 'What topics on Uncle Bill can you recall?' while another may ask, 'Did you include the subjects in your essay?'Thank God that there is no right answer to this question. Because as a student, you cannot answer such a question. You just have to remember the topics and use them appropriately to recall some of the best parts of your history. As a student, I will try to do this in this article.The first topic is called the Best of Spiderman. This refers to a ny best part of the Spiderman comics such as what he does in the comic or the way he finds a woman's panties. As a student, you have to use this topic as an example of how you are going to describe the good points of the Spiderman stories. Do not use it as a catch-all topic. Use it to describe what you found appealing about the story or what you liked about Spiderman in general.One more topic that is based on essays topics on Uncle Bill is about why he is so popular. Why are people so drawn to his stories? When did people start to like Spiderman? What makes him so special? Answers to these questions can be collected in an essay.Students who have written essays on the topic of Uncle Bill can remember all these essays topics when they apply for a college degree. And since they have used the web comic to explain what they liked or what they did not like about the story, they can just forget about what the professor asked them. There is nothing to worry about, because even if a professo r asks you to write an essay on Spiderman, you can still use the many options that are available to you.The fact is that most students find web comics very interesting, but a professor cannot really appreciate this. So, students should make sure that they use the essays topics on Uncle Bill as an example of how they are going to express the things that they liked or do not like about the Spiderman comics.

Why You Should Be Authentic Essay Sample to Help You With Your Essay

Why You Should Be Authentic Essay Sample to Help You With Your EssayThere are many reasons to write an authentic essay, but the most important is the ability to convince others that you have genuine knowledge about your subject. That is why an authentic essay is the ultimate goal for those who want to build a respectable academic standing in their field. For this reason, we need to make sure that our essays are well crafted and can stand out among the rest of the crowd.The fact is that most students today will need to have an authentic essay written on their behalf in order to succeed in their major. However, there are a lot of tools and resources that can help with this process. Using an authentic essay as a guide can help you go a long way toward building a more respectable academic standing, and this can ultimately lead to a more successful future.Writing an essay doesn't have to be that hard when you understand the process. By choosing an authentic essay sample as your guide, you will be able to follow instructions precisely. Furthermore, if you learn how to make use of the various tools and resources available to you, you will be able to create a professional resume.For this reason, many students today choose to write their own essays instead of using the services of writing service providers. You don't even have to be a writer to create a well-written essay. If you are familiar with grammar and formatting, then you will be able to learn how to write an impressive essay within a short period of time.If you want to make use of essay samples as guides for your essays, it is important to make sure that you understand what these samples are. Don't limit yourself by not having any idea of what it is that you are writing about. Take your time to think about what your topic is, and then begin to compile ideas from this topic into the most convincing essay you can.When it comes to taking notes, you may find that you can refer to samples that have been given to you by different academic departments. For example, if you are taking notes about Shakespeare's plays, then you can take your notes from the essays written by the professors in those departments. By understanding the format that these examples have, you will be able to write a perfectly persuasive essay.In order to get the most out of the authentic essay sample, it is important to think about what it is that you are trying to convey. You will need to figure out what is the best way to begin and end your essay. In order to do this, you should make sure that you read up on the rules for the particular format that you are using.By following these steps, you will be able to create an impressive essay and be successful in your pursuit of getting an authentic essay. By using a comprehensive approach, you will be able to draw on a wealth of resources that are both useful and reliable. This approach will ensure that you can take care of all of the details of a well-written essay with the assur ance that they will turn out correctly.

MGMT 2110 Organizational Behavior Essay Example

MGMT 2110: Organizational Behavior Essay 57. pdf downloaded by ytwongaJ from http:// at 2013-12-09 08:39:27. Academic use within HKUST only. MGMT 2110: Organizational Behavior Fall 2011 Dr. PrithviraJ Chattopadhyay EXAM II sample Instructions For the multiple choice questions, choose the one BEST answer and mark it on the bubble sheet with a PENCIL. Write the color (White) of your exam paper on the top right hand corner of your bubble sheet. For the essay questions, write your answer on the exam paper itself. No extra paper will be provided. You must hand in BOTH the bubble sheet and the exam when you are done. No re- entrance once you leave the exam hall. You have 1 hour and 30 minutes to complete the exam. Complete the following information before you hand in your exam: I have neither given nor received aid during this exam. Signature Print Your Name Student ID number For use by the Examiners Part I( part II QI part II Q2 Total Part l: Multiple Choice Questions (1. 5 points each answers on the last page) 1 . Which of the following best describes how emotions influence the problem identification process? A: Emotions have no effect on how people identify problems. B: The emotional brain center classifies incoming perceptual information as bad or ood, which then influences the rational brain centers evaluation about whether that situation is a problem. C: Emotions mainly determine signal us to follow either a programmed or nonprogrammed decision process. D: If the rational brain center determines that the situation is a problem, it transmits this evaluation to the emotional center, which then energizes the decision maker to act without choosing alternatives. E: Emotions ensure that we rely on the rationality and avoid intuition in the decision making process. . Which of the following is a potential problem when evaluating and choosing alternatives in decision making? A: Limited information processing B: Implicit favorite C: Satisficing D: All of the above E: only A and C 3. The Director of Nursing is looking for a new work schedule for nurses throughout the hospital. She evaluates a schedule system as soon as she learns about it. Eventually, sh e finds a schedule that is good enough for her needs, even though there may be better schedules available that she hasnt yet learned about. We will write a custom essay sample on MGMT 2110: Organizational Behavior specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on MGMT 2110: Organizational Behavior specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on MGMT 2110: Organizational Behavior specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The Director of Nursing is engaging in: A: c: escalation of commitment. perceptual defense. satisficing. post-decisional Justification. none of the above. 4. Which of the following questions is NOT explicitly considered in the contingencies of employee involvement? D: Do subordinates need to develop their decision-making skills? Is conflict among subordinates over preferred solutions likely? Is the problem unique? How important is subordinate commitment to the decision? Do subordinates have sufficient information to make a high-quality decision? 5. Which of the following statements about teams and groups is FALSE? A: Some teams may not have any norms. Team members do not need to be friends. Team members are interdependent with one another to some degree. All members f a work group have some degree of influence in the team. A team always requires a purpose. 6. How do norms affect the behavior of team members? Norms encourage members to try new behaviors not previously sanctioned by the team. Norms represent the glue or esprit de corps that holds the team together. Norms help the team regulate and guide the behaviors of its members. Norms help the team move from the forming to storming stages of team development. Norms apply to the attitudes and beliefs, not the behaviors, of team members. 7. As team leader, you discover that a competitor is about to develop a similar roduct that your group is currently developing. Your teams success (developing a better product sooner) is still possible, but will be challenging. What is most likely to happen if you tell your team members about this external threat? The team would become more cohesive. The team would try its best to introduce dysfunctional norms. The team would move quickly to the adjourning stage of team development. Individual team members would become more productive through social loafing. All of the above. 8. In team dynamics, process losses are best described as: information about team processes that are lost when team members need to make riends. information about team processes lost due to imperfect communication between two members. knowledge lost when a team member leaves the organization. team resources expended towards team development and maintenance. none of the above. 9. A financial institution wants to create online communities whereby employees can quickly receive information about a specific current question or topic from colleagues throughout the organization. Which of the following communication media would likely work best in this situation? A: company newsletter Instant messaging E-mail Weekly interest group meetings Interdepartmental mail 10. Safety representatives in each of the six plants of a manufacturing company need to communicate to each other every week the number and type of health and safety incidents in their plant. Each representative has a safety reporting document where he or she checks off the type and number of infractions during the previous week. These incidents are well known to other representatives; there are rarely any surprises. This weekly communication calls for: high media richness. high emotional contagion. mostly nonverbal communication. face-to-face meetings. elatively low media richness. 2 1 1 . Japanese culture tends to value silence in communication because: A: it clearly symbolizes that the listener disagrees without actually saying so. t symbolizes respect. it indicates that the listener is thoughtfully contemplating what has Just been said. of all of the above. of B and C. 12. Active listeners improve their evaluating activities by: A: organizing information. showing interest. clarifying the message. interrupting when they disagree with the speaker. doing all of the above. 13. Which of the following statements about power is FALSE? A: Each type of power may be linked to m ore than one influence tactic B: Power requires interdependence in the relationship. C: Power is the capacity to influence, rather than the actual practice of influencing others. D: Power exists only when one person has something of value for a second person, but the second person has nothing of value for the first person. E: People sometimes gain power by convincing others that they have something of value for them. 14. Until recently, a large sales organization gave supervisors all key information for further distribution to their employees. But with the introduction of a company intranet and other information technologies, this information is now mostly available directly to employees. By distributing corporate information directly to employees rather than through their supervisors, the company has: A: increased the legitimate power of supervisors. decreased the information based power of supervisors. increased the centrality of supervisors. decreased the companys ability to cope with uncertainty. increased the expert power of supervisors. 15. Which of the following would potentially increase someones power through non- substitutability? A: Avoiding documenting unique knowledge about organizational processes. Increasing the number of people affected by your work. Increasing the amount of autonomy granted to you to accomplish your work. Using Impresslon management strategies to Increase your popularlty wltn colleagues of the above. 3 . None 16. Which of the following is an example of the influence tactic of controlling information? A: A new executive immediately posts his diplomas and awards on the office wall for others to see. B: To demonstrate that cost overrun errors arent due to production employees, the production manager privately shows senior executives xamples of how the marketing manager makes mistakes on orders. C: The vice- president of marketing deliberately places an issue that she dislikes near the bottom of next meetings agenda (rather than near the top) so there is less chance the meeting will have time to address that issue. D: To increase the chances of promotion to a more senior Job in the company, an employee exaggerates to management about his role on the executive of a non-profit group. E: Airline employees threaten to go on strike Just a few weeks before the company begins its busiest season and most profitable part of the year. 17. Recent leadership writing suggests that emotional intelligence: is the only trait that distinguishes effective from ineffective leaders. is an important characteristic of effective leaders. is less important than early writing on leadership traits had assumed. is unrelated to effective leadership. is currently unimportant, but will become an important leadership trait as the workforce ages and Jobs become less production-oriented. 18. According to research, which of these was lower among employees who work for supervisors with low levels of task-oriented leadership? Absenteeism orlevances Turnover Job dissatisfaction Job performance 19. Which leadership style in path-goal theory is most closely associated with goal setting and positive self-fulfilling prophecy? Directive Supportive Participative Achievement-oriented None of the above 20. Which of the following statements about the leadership substitutes model is FALSE? A: Some situational conditions substitute for task-oriented or people-oriented leadership styles. Some leadership substitutes are incorporated into the path-goal leadership theory. Leadership substitutes neutralize or replace transformational rather than transactional leadership. Leadership substitutes include characteristics of the employee, task or organization that either limit the leaders influence or make it unnecessary. E: Leadership substitutes take a contingency-oriented view of leadership. 4 Part II: Essay Questions (35 points each please answer two of the three following questions). 1. Teams are becoming more critical in todays increasingly competitive business world. Answer this set of questions based on course concepts on team dynamics. Ratner tnan relying on aeslgn engineers alone to aeslgn new products, tn San Remo Resources wants to form teams of people from several departments to evelop more creative products. These teams will consist of design engineers, manufacturing engineers, marketing staff and purchasing staff. San Remos CEO believes that these teams will develop more creative products than design engineers did when working alone. Identify three potential constraints that might interfere with the CEOs expected benefits of team-based decision making and creativity (20 points). Your answers may consider the following ideas: Time constraints. Teams take longer than individuals to make decisions. Unlike individuals, teams require extra time to organize, coordinate and socialize. The larger he group, the more time required to make a decision. Team members need time to learn about each other and build rapport as well as to manage an imperfect communication process so that there is sufficient understanding of each others ideas. They also need to coordinate roles and rules within the decision process. Evaluation apprehension. Individuals are reluctant to mention ideas that seem silly because they believe (often correctly) that other team members are silently evaluating them. This is most common in meetings attended by people with different levels of status or expertise or when members formally evaluate each others erformance throughout the year (as in 360-degree feedback). Evaluation apprehension is a problem when the group wants to generate creative ideas, because these thoughts often sound bizarre or lack logic when presented. Unfortunately, many potentially valuable ideas are never presented to the group because creative thoughts initially seem ridiculous and a waste of time. Pressure to conform. Conformity causes team members to suppress their dissenting opinions about discussion issues, particularly when a strong team norm is related to the issue. When someone does state a point of view that violates the majority pinion, other members might punish the violator or try to persuade him or her that the opinion is incorrect. Groupthink. This is the tendency of highly cohesive groups to value consensus at the price of decision quality. There are strong social pressures on individual members to maintain harmony by avoiding conflict and disagreement. They suppress doubts about decision alternatives preferred by the majority or group leader. Team members want to maintain this harmony because their selfldentity is enhanced by membership in a powerful decision-making body that speaks with one voice. High cohesiveness isnt the only cause of groupthink. It is also more likely to occur when the team is isolated from outsiders, the team leader is opinionated (rather than remaining impartial), the team is under stress due to an external threat, the team has experienced recent failures or other decision-making problems, and the team lacks clear guidance from corporate policies or procedures. . Due to a corporate restructuring, three of the six employees who work on your corporate investment team have been transferred to other teams and three new recruits to the organization will be assigned 5 I †4eulA_6Y1 5/. p0T aownloaaea Dy ytwongaJ Trom nttpw to your team as replacements. Although the three new hires are experienced from other o rganizations, they are new to your organization and your team. Consequently, your team will pass through most stages of team development again. Describe any three (3) stages of team development that your team will probably experience after the new recruits Join the team and provide an example of specific events that might occur in these stages (1 5 points). Any three of the first four stages of team development would be appropriate the answer below does not include the examples. Forming. During this first stage, both new and current members learn about each ther while the new members receive an orientation about what is expected of them on the team. The new members are probably on their best behavior and look for rules to follow. Current members might be on their guard somewhat, but engage in less information gathering and image management than the recruits. Storming. During this second stage, the new recruits start to assert their preferences more. They might suggest changes to existing practices (based on their experiences elsewhere). They also try to take on preferred informal roles. The existing team members may experience some conflict with the recruits as they try to defend xisting norms, role assignments and work practices. Depending on the aggressiveness of the recruits and the responsiveness of current members, this could be a difficult stage for the team to pass through. This is particularly because the new recruits have previous experience from other organizations. Norming. This third stage occurs when recruits and current team members alike have formed common mental models regarding the teams objectives and work processes. Task interdependence occurs more smoothly with less negotiation of behaviors required. This does not necessarily mean that new recruits have adjusted to the current ractices. It is possible that recruits have adjusted the mental model by convincing current members to change in some way. Performing. In this fourth stage, the team becomes more task oriented and devotes less attention to team maintenance. Coordination is smooth and efficient and there is strong cooperation among team members. At this stage, there would be few differences between the new recruits and more senior team members. 2. Good communication is essential to any groups or organizations effectiveness. Answer this question based on course concepts on communication. 6